The definition of the term “civil society” differs according to the context, but usually refers to a vast array of non-governmental and not-for-profit organizations that have a presence in public life and are guided by ethical, cultural, political, scientific, religious or philanthropic considerations (World Bank, 2007).
Civil society is the term for a range of formal and informal organizations and actors in society, which advance a collective interest and are distinct from the public sector and the corporate sector. Depending on the definition, the following actors can be broadly grouped under civil society:
- NGOs, not-for-profit organizations with an organized structure or activity. These are usually registered entities, and include:
- Local and international NGOs;
- Regional or thematic NGO networks;
- Diaspora communities or groups.
- Faith-based organizations.
- Trade unions and professional associations.
- International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (an international non-governmental body with special status in international law and a hybrid between an IGO and an NGO).
- Researchers including academia, think tanks, independent researchers and research institutions.
- Philanthropic foundations and funds.
- Emerging actors of civil society (such as online groups and social media communities).